IOWA LAW REVIEW, Volume 85, Number 4, Pages 1507-1568,
May 2000.

Circumcision and the American
Academy of Pediatrics: Should Scientific
Misconduct Result in Trade Association
Liability?

Matthew R. Giannetti*

INTRODUCTION.......................................................1509

I.     CIRCUMCISION AS MEDICAL PRACTICE UNDER THE 1989 AAP REPORT.....1514
       A. PHIMOSIS.................................................1514
       B. CANCER...................................................1516
          1. Cervical Cancer.......................................1516
          2. Penile Cancer.........................................1518
          3. Prostate Cancer.......................................1519
       C. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS...................................1520
       D. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES..............................1522
       E. PHYSICAL COMPLICATIONS OF CIRCUMCISION......................1523
       F. BEHAVIORAL COMPLICATIONS OF CIRCUMCISION....................1528
       G. FUNCTIONS AND BENEFITS OF THE FORESKIN......................1530
       H. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF CIRCUMCISION AS MEDICINE............1532

II.    THE 1999 AAP REPORT........................................1533
       A. PENILE CANCER............................................1534
       B. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES.............................1536
       C. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS..................................1537
       D. COMPLICATIONS............................................1539
       E. BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS AND PAIN...............................1540
       F. PHIMOSIS AND FORESKIN MISCHARACTERIZATION...................1542
       G. 1999 AAP ONLINE BROCHURE AND FURTHER MISCHARACTERIZATION....1542
     H. FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION, ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS, AND         
          INTERNATIONAL VIEWS ON INFANT MALE CIRCUMCISION.............1543

III.   LEGAL THEORIES FOR TRADE ASSOCIATION LIABILITY................1545
 A. THEORETICAL EXAMINATIONS OF MEDICAL TRADE                
          ASSOCIATION LIABILITY FOR FAULTY PRACTICE GUIDELINES........1546
       B. SNYDER V. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD BANKS..............1548
  C. WEIGAND V. UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF NEW YORK                
          UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER................................ 1553
D. SECTION 324A OF THE RESTATEMENT                      
         (SECOND) OF TORTS.......................................1554
       E. N.N.V. V. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD BANKS..............1558
F. POSSIBILITY THAT EVIDENCE MIGHT SUPPORT                 
FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION RATHER THAN             
          NEGLIGENCE...............................................1563
G. PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OPPOSING                    
          CIRCUMCISION.............................................1566

 IV.    RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................1566

 CONCLUSION........................................................1568

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*   Law Student, University of Iowa College of Law Class of 2000. I would like to thank my parents for their support and encouragement during the writing of this Note.

• Matthew R. Giannetti. Circumcision and the American Academy of Pediatrics: Should Scientific Misconduct Result in Trade Association Liability. 85 Iowa L. Rev 1507 (2000).

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